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Mycena chlorophos
''Mycena chlorophos'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Mycenaceae. First described in 1860, the fungus is found in subtropical Asia, including Japan, Taiwan, Polynesia, Java, and Sri Lanka, in Australia, and Brazil. Fruit bodies (mushrooms) have pale brownish-grey sticky caps up to in diameter atop stems long and up to a millimeter thick. The mushrooms are bioluminescent and emit a pale green light. Fruiting occurs in forests on fallen woody debris such as dead twigs, branches, and logs. The fungus can be made to grow and fruit in laboratory conditions, and the growth conditions affecting bioluminescence have been investigated.
==Taxonomy==
The species was first described scientifically by Miles Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis in 1860 as ''Agaricus chlorophos''.〔 The original specimens were collected from the Bonin Islands by American botanist Charles Wright in October 1854 as part of the North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition of 1853–56.〔 Pier Andrea Saccardo transferred the species to the genus ''Mycena'' in an 1887 publication.〔 Daniel Desjardin and colleagues redescribed the species and set a lectotype specimen in 2010.〔
In 1860 Berkeley and Curtis described the species ''Agaricus cyanophos'' from material also collected from the Bonin Islands. This material was found near the location that the original specimens of ''M. chlorophos'' were found, but a couple of weeks later. Japanese mycologists Seiya Ito and Sanshi Imai studied these collections in the late 1930s, and concluded that ''Agaricus cyanophos'' was the same species as ''M. chlorophos'', despite differences in cap shape, gill attachment, and the color of emitted light. Desjardin and colleagues agreed with this determination after examining the type material of both taxa. ''M. chlorophos'' is classified in the section ''Exornatae'' of the genus ''Mycena''. Other luminescent species in this section are ''M. discobasis'' and ''M. marginata''.〔 Some authors have considered ''M. illuminans'' to be synonymous with ''M. chlorophos'' due to their morphological similarity, but molecular analysis has shown that they are distinct species.〔
In Japan, the mushroom is known as ''yakoh-take'', or "night-light mushroom".〔 In the Bonin Islands it is called "Green Pepe".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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